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一失人身,萬劫不復
——宣化上人
假使百千劫,所作業不亡,因緣會遇時,果報還自受。 今天談談在 佛教裏懺悔的道理。諸佛菩薩不見眾生過,眾生有過當沒有過,佛是不管的。可是自己所造的罪業,當時間成熟了,你自己便要受果報。眾生覺悟的少,迷眛的多;明白的少,愚癡的多。所以規矩的、明白的眾生,他不會做顛倒事。真正覺悟的眾生,他也不會有邪知邪見。 在這茫茫苦海裏頭,也找不到一個邊際,就在這兒生了又死,死了又生,總在輪迴裏轉,這一轉就墮到六道裏去輪迴。也就等於我們現在講的化學工廠一樣:由大的靈性可以化成小的,小的靈性又可以變成大的。 所以一個人投生去做畜生,不是一個人做一種畜生。他會分開:一個人做馬、牛、羊、雞、犬、豕,這是身體比較大的,有靈性聰明一點的畜生。這一個人又可以變成七種的畜生,因為經過分開了,這叫「分靈」,便性化靈殘。 他的靈性既然分開了,又往更小的再分。譬如馬變雞鴨,又變成很多了。一隻馬,又可以變成七隻鴨、七隻雞等等。既然又分開了,那點靈性又少一點,又愚癡一點。 因為這種關係,所以佛說:「一失人身,萬劫不復。」若把人身失掉了,百千萬劫再也不能恢復。為什麼呢?因為他已被分開了,經過化學工廠的化驗,分開一部份一部份的。假如人會變成蚊蟲這就是因為人的心很毒,專門貪而無厭,總想吸食人的血。這種思想長久了,就會變成蚊蟲,而遂心滿願的到處去吸人的血。牠雖然是性化了,可是牠還是有個靈性,還有點知覺性,於是牠也只知道吸人的血,旁的什麼也不知道了。牠之有生命,也就是以貪心來為牠的工作,這是蚊蟲的因緣。 螞蟻呢?牠們都很好吃的。一個人要變螞蟻,可以變成八萬四千那麼多。所以你看蚊子,一班一班總有好多在一起。螞蟻一窩一窩,也是很多很多聚再一起。牠們因為性化靈殘,所以其力量也小了,沒有那麼大的力量。 還有蜜蜂,牠好偷東西,盜戒犯了很多,乃是往昔不持盜戒。蚊子也不持盜戒,螞蟻也不持盜戒。蜜蜂更厲害,所以蜜蜂很會偷蜜。旁人有蜜,如果不看著,沒有那工蜂,和站崗的蜜蜂在看守著,便有一班又一班的蜜蜂,把蜜都偷去了。牠喜歡吃甜的,所以偷回去做土墟,放在牠們的銀行裏頭。牠們的蜂窩那裏,就是牠們的銀行。 牠們因為只知道是蜜蜂吃蜜糖,所以造蜜蜂的窩,就好像人存錢一樣。但是存來存去存得很多了,最後被人拿走了。為什麼被人拿走了?這是因為性犯盜戒,來之不善,去之亦矣。得來的時候,不是光明磊落,所以最後弄丟了。以這個小的蚊蟲、蜜蜂、螞蟻──這三種小動物來研究,便應該明白我們人不可以犯殺戒、盜戒、 邪淫戒、妄語戒,也不可以犯飲酒戒。因為飲酒就會做糊塗的事,做什麼糊塗事呢? 以前有位受五戒的人,他的五戒本來守的很好,可是有一天忽然想起喝酒來。他就自恃:「受五戒殺、盜、淫、妄,這都很重要的。但是酒戒是很平常的,守它做什麼?這是多餘的,現在開始不守酒戒了。我要去喝點酒。」於是就去買一瓶酒回來,自斟自飲。復覺得無味,沒菜下酒,很想找些什麼來下酒。正在這時候,鄰居的一隻雞跑過來,他一看就想:「這大概是菩薩給我送菜餚來了!」 你看他是多麼邪知邪見,於是就把雞捉來殺了,因此就犯了盜戒和殺戒。後來鄰居過來找雞,他已喝醉酒了,就胡說八道答:「沒有看見!」因此又打了妄語。他又見這女人生得好漂亮,索性把她強姦了。 各位要注意!只因喝了這一點酒,就把五戒統統都犯了。所以只要看那些白癡兒童,他們都是剛從畜生道裏來投生的,所以他們沒有智慧。雖然是從小的靈性又變成大的,又恢復人的本體,可是他們做畜生的時間太久了,故把真正的智慧都蒙蔽了。所以今生不但不會講話,也不會聽話了,更不要說會守規矩。 所以大家要知道,這五戒是很要緊的。若人能受五戒,每一戒就有五個護法善神來保護他。你若不守戒,那五位護法神就跑了,接著就來了五個惡魔。好像人招魔,就因為犯了戒;如果不犯戒,就不會招魔的。為什麼不會招魔呢?是因為有護法善神來保護著他。因此我們要特別小心守戒律。 不守戒就是不修行,能守戒律就是能依教奉行,就會令我們生出真正的智慧,什麼時候也不會顛倒,不會做出開齋破戒的事情。所以修道人要時時刻刻能克己復禮,好好控制自己,不在六根門頭用功夫。就是眼見色被色塵轉,耳聽聲被聲塵轉,舌嚐味被味塵轉,鼻嗅香被香塵所轉,身體被觸塵所轉,意緣法被法塵所轉──這就被六賊在門頭牽動,把內裏的靈氣都偷去了。你若不被所轉,靈性就不會丟,這就是所謂智慧。 有偈云:「願消三障諸煩惱,願得智慧真明了,普願罪障悉消除,世世常行菩薩道」。三障:即是業障、報障、煩惱障。 業障是我們前生所造善惡的業,而今生所遭遇的種種障礙。譬如所作所為皆不如意,這就是業障的緣故。 報障:如地獄餓鬼畜生等之苦報。所謂:「假使百千劫,所作業不亡,因緣會遇時,果報還自受。」你造什麼業,就受什麼果報。這業你擺脫不開的,所以又說:「萬般帶不去,唯有業隨身。」我們前生作錯 因果,今生要受這果報,故云報障。 煩惱障:就是貪欲、瞋恚、愚癡等惑。每個人都有他的煩惱,有大的有小的。你不能沒有煩惱,沒有煩惱就沒有貪瞋癡,那可稱為聖人了。若沒有斷無明,煩惱根仍然存在,隨時隨地煩惱一來,什麼都忘了,就能做出傷天害理違背良心的事來。煩惱不除就會障菩提根,所謂:「星星之火,能燒菩提之林。」無論你怎麼修行,煩惱不斷,一切都是假的。 所以在六根門頭,要不被境界轉,而先要轉境界。必須把煩惱化為菩提,生死變成涅槃。要認清這臭皮囊,我們這肉體好像和靈魂結婚一樣,永遠無法離開,但到最後也是靠不住的,它會和你離婚,最後拋棄你而去。 你也不知道自己要往什麼地方去?修道為的是什麼?為的是要準備與肉體分離時,我怎麼來的能知道,怎麼去的也能知道。要不被這臭皮囊所控制,來去自由--是為著這個而修行。假如想要成功成道,就要常常收攝身心,循規蹈矩,不被六根的門頭境界所轉。那時你就有定力了。有定則能發揮智慧。但須知定是由戒力生。戒是由諸惡莫作,眾善奉行,犧牲小我,完成大我的精神所培養而成的,這就是真正的 佛法,也是我的宗旨。各位不妨試試跟我學習。
| 一失人身,万劫不复 | Once We Lose our Human Form,
We won't Gain it Back in Ten Thousand Eons | ◎宣化上人
A Talk Given by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua |
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| 堕胎就是失去人身,现在单是因堕胎而死亡的人,就比活着的人多啦!
When fetuses are aborted, they lose their human bodies.
Nowadays, people who died because they were aborted exceed the number of people who are alive! |
| 问:佛教说“人身难得”,又说“一失人身,万劫不复”,那为何现今世界人口剧增呢?显然出生的人比死亡的人多,佛教做何解释? | | Question: According to Buddhism, “a human body is difficult to attain,” and “once we lose our human form, we won't gain it back in ten thousand eons.” Then why is the current world population increasing rapidly? Apparently, people being born outnumber those have died. How does Buddhism explain this? |
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| 上人:现在人口繁殖率虽高,但你怎知死去的众生不比生存的人多?这数目的总数无法准确计算出来,也不能以科学证明,只能以譬喻言之。佛在世时,有一次从地上抓了一把土,说:“得人身者,如掌上土;失人身者,如大地土。”世上生存的人口似乎无量无边,但你怎知失去人身的,不比这数目更超出无数倍呢? | | The Venerable Master: Although the current birth rate is high, how do you know that living beings that are dead doesn’t outnumber people who are alive? This number can’t be accurately calculated or proven by science; it can only be expressed with an analogy. When the Buddha was in the world, one time he grabbed a handful of sand and said: “Those who have gained their human bodies are like the amount of sand in my palm, while those who have lost their human bodies are like the amount of sand on earth.” The number of people living in the world seems measureless and limitless. However, how do you know that the number of people who have lost their human form is not countless times more than that? |
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| 从前死亡的人没有现在那么多,现在死于风灾、火灾、汽车、飞机失事、战争、核子爆炸的人也无法统计。而且这些死亡的人,失了人身后,很可能不再做人,或者投生去做蚂蚁、蚊子、猛兽--这个数目又怎么能拿出科学证据呢? | | The number of people who died in the past is less than that of the present. Nowadays, it is hard to estimate the number of people who died due to tornados, fire, car accidents, plane crashes, wars, and nuclear explosions. In addition, it is most likely that once these people lost their human form, they won’t be reborn as human. They could be reborn as ants, mosquitoes, or wild beasts. How can we prove this number scientifically? |
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| 父母生育孩子,怎么忽然就有知觉呢?这些问题都是最根本的问题,但一般人却忽略而不去研究。虽然现在人口暴增,但失人身的众生比从前多,从前没有那么多蚂蚁、蚊虫及其他害虫,你怎知湿生、化生、卵生的众生不是人变的呢? | | After a baby is born, how can he or she suddenly have consciousness and feelings? These are fundamental questions that ordinary people ignore and fail to research for the answers. Although there is a great increase in human population now, living beings that have lost their human form are more than before. In the past, there were not so many ants, mosquitoes, bugs and other pests. How do you know that these living beings born from moisture, by transformation or from eggs are not human beings in their prior lives? |
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| 人失去人身后,性化灵残,一个人的灵魂,能化成好几种动物,甚至化成八万四千蚊虫。因为智慧分薄了,所以变成冥顽不灵。若想再恢复人身,就要在“化学工厂”里重新化炼,可能需要一段漫长的时间。 | | After a person loses his human body, his nature will change and his spirit will be divided. For example, the spirit of one human being can be transformed into many kinds of animal, even eighty-four thousand mosquitoes. Because his wisdom is being divided into many bodies, the resulting beings are dull and stubborn. If he wants to regain his human body, he would need to be “transformed and re-smelted” as if in a chemical factory, the process of which probably would take a long time. |
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| 还有一点,人结婚多一次,死后他的灵魂就要被分割多一截。譬如,一个女人曾跟多少男人结婚,死后便有电锯把她的灵魂割成多少段,分给这些男人;男人若跟很多女人结婚,果报也是如此。另一个大问题是堕胎,堕胎就是失去人身,现在单是因堕胎而死亡的人,就比活着的人多啦! | | Another point is, every time a person gets married, his spirits will be divided into one more piece after his death. For instance, depending on how many times a woman marries during her life, after death, her spirit will be divided into as many pieces as if by an electric saw and shared among her ex-husbands. The retribution is the same if a man has married many times. Another big problem is abortion. When fetuses are aborted, they lose their human bodies. Nowadays, people who died because they were aborted exceed the number of people who are alive! |
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| 至于无情的众生,能不能恢复灵性呢?可以的,若遇着适当的人对它说法,如“生公说法,顽石点头。”也可以恢复灵性,但要遇着圣人、罗汉,才有这个机缘。 | | Regarding insentient beings, are they able to recover their spirits? Yes, if they meet an appropriate person who speaks the Dharma to them. Such was the case “when Master Dao Sheng spoke the Dharma, the stone nodded in agreement.” However, only when the insentient beings encounter sages or Arhats, can they have such an opportunity. | |
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以上摘自 http://www.drbachinese.org/onlin ... ittle_Ghosts_b9.htm |